Study Material

  ✅ What is a Database? A Database is an organized collection of data that can be easily accessed, managed, and updated. 🧠 Example : Your college stores data of students — names, roll numbers, marks — in a structured format. ✅ What is a DBMS? A Database Management System (DBMS) is software that interacts with users, applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data. 💡 DBMS Examples: MySQL Oracle PostgreSQL MongoDB (NoSQL DB) ✅ Advantages of DBMS over File System File System DBMS Data Redundancy Reduced Redundancy No data sharing Multi-user support No data security High security Difficult backup Easy backup & recovery Complex queries Easy SQL-based queries ✅ Types of DBMS Type Description Example Hierarchical Parent-child IBM IMS Network Graph structure IDS Relational Tables (rows/columns) MySQL, Oracle Object-oriented Stores data as objects Versant 🧠 MCA Exams usually focus on Relational DBMS (RDBMS). ✅ Components of DBMS Ha...

We’ll break it down into: 📘 1. Important Theory Topics (Frequently Asked in Exams) 💡 2. Expected Questions from Each Topic 💻 3. Basic SQL Practice (For Viva / Practical Exams) 📘 1. Important Theory Topics Unit Topic Must-Know Concepts 1 Introduction to DBMS Definition, advantages, DBMS vs RDBMS, applications 2 Data Models & ER Model Entity, attributes, relationships, ER diagrams 3 Relational Model Tuple, attribute, schema, keys (primary, foreign) 4 Relational Algebra Select, Project, Join, Union, Set Difference 5 SQL Basics CREATE, INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, WHERE, JOINS 6 Normalization 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, functional dependency 7 Transaction Management ACID properties, commit, rollback 8 Indexing & Storage B+ trees, hashing, file organization 💡 2. Important Questions to Study ✅ Short Questions : What is DBMS? List its advantages. Define primary and foreign keys with examples. What is normalization? ✅ Long Questions (most scoring): Draw and exp...