Creating Threads

1. Thread Class: Use the System.Threading.Thread class to create threads.

2. Thread Constructor: Pass a ThreadStart delegate or a ParameterizedThreadStart delegate to the constructor.

3. ThreadStart Delegate: Represents the method to be executed by the thread.

Example:

using System.Threading;

class Program

{

    static void Main()

    {

        Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(MyMethod));

        thread.Start();

    }

    static void MyMethod()

    {

        Console.WriteLine("Thread is running.");

    }

}

Processes-

1. Independent units of execution

2. Own memory space (virtual address space)

3. Created by operating system

4. Communicate through Inter-Process Communication (IPC) mechanisms

Threads

1. Lightweight processes

2. Share memory space with parent process

3. Created by process

4. Execute concurrently with other threads

Key Differences

1. Memory: Processes have separate memory, threads share memory

2. Creation: Processes created by OS, threads created by process

3. Communication: Processes use IPC, threads share memory

4. Resources: Processes have own resources, threads share resources

Thread Types

1. User-Level Threads (ULT)

2. Kernel-Level Threads (KLT)

3. Hybrid Threads

Process Communication

1. Pipes

2. Sockets

3. Shared Memory

4. Message Queues

Process Scheduling

1. First-Come-First-Served (FCFS)

2. Shortest Job First (SJF)

3. Priority Scheduling

4. Round Robin (RR)

5. Multi-Level Feedback Queue (MLFQ)

Thread Scheduling

1. Preemptive Scheduling

2. Non-Preemptive Scheduling

3. Time-Slicing