Creating Threads

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1. Thread Class: Use the System.Threading.Thread class to create threads.

2. Thread Constructor: Pass a ThreadStart delegate or a ParameterizedThreadStart delegate to the constructor.

3. ThreadStart Delegate: Represents the method to be executed by the thread.


Example:


using System.Threading;


class Program

{

    static void Main()

    {

        Thread thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(MyMethod));

        thread.Start();

    }


    static void MyMethod()

    {

        Console.WriteLine("Thread is running.");

    }

}


Processes-

1. Independent units of execution

2. Own memory space (virtual address space)

3. Created by operating system

4. Communicate through Inter-Process Communication (IPC) mechanisms


Threads

1. Lightweight processes
2. Share memory space with parent process
3. Created by process
4. Execute concurrently with other threads

Key Differences

1. Memory: Processes have separate memory, threads share memory
2. Creation: Processes created by OS, threads created by process
3. Communication: Processes use IPC, threads share memory
4. Resources: Processes have own resources, threads share resources


Thread Types

1. User-Level Threads (ULT)
2. Kernel-Level Threads (KLT)
3. Hybrid Threads



Process Communication

1. Pipes
2. Sockets
3. Shared Memory
4. Message Queues


Process Scheduling

1. First-Come-First-Served (FCFS)
2. Shortest Job First (SJF)
3. Priority Scheduling
4. Round Robin (RR)
5. Multi-Level Feedback Queue (MLFQ)


Thread Scheduling

1. Preemptive Scheduling
2. Non-Preemptive Scheduling
3. Time-Slicing

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